项目式学习

定义

PBL(Project-based learning)尚无共识定义；在教学法上，可直接溯源至McMaster University的Problem-based learning，原始模型：

Howard Barrows (1996) lists the six original characteristics for the problem-based learning model employed in the medical school as follows:

• Learning is student centered.
• Learning occurs in small student groups.
• Teachers are facilitators or guides.
• Problems form the original focus and stimulus for learning.
• Problems are a vehicle for the development of clinical problem solving skills.
• New information is acquired through self-directed learning.

因为模式多元，于是有文章换视角，专门探讨了What are the non-negotiable elements in Project Based Learning?:

1. The Driving Question
2. The Entry Event
3. Need to Knows
4. Group Contract
5. Formative and Summative Assessment
6. End Product

文章

CNKI内使用“项目学习”作为关键词，做“主题”检索，2019年05月15日，检索结果为4505篇。 披沙拣金，汇总为推荐阅读资料列表。

微信推荐阅读资料列表：

• 引入高质量项目式学习（HQPBL）框架
• Aha| 如果没有这7个要素，你遇到的就是假的项目式学习
• 课堂中项目与基于项目学习的区别
• 芥末翻Summary | 我们对项目式学习有多少了解？
• 我们终将改变潮水的方向 —— 一份“项目式学习”落地中国的解决方案 | 项目式学习与综合实践课到底是什么关系?｜王晓荔
• 教育创新 | 专访HTH创始人: 项目制学习好在哪

案例

• avalonschool At Avalon, Project-Based Learning has replaced conventionally structured classes and grade levels. We feature a curriculum built around individualized learning plans, student-initiated projects, small student-centered seminars, public presentations, and multidisciplinary senior thesis projects. Finally, the Post-Secondary Enrollment Option (PSEO) enables Avalon students to pursue college level courses and credit through enrollment in local colleges and universities.
• Casco Bay High School貌似需要翻墙访问
• King Middle School
• High Tech High
• Impact Academy of Arts and Technology
• MC2STEM High School
• Rochester High School
• Science Leadership Academy